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Difference Between Non-Polarised And Polarised Capacitors, How To Combine Non-polar Capacitors

Difference Between Non-Polarised And Polarised Capacitors, How To Combine Non-polar Capacitors

October 07 , 2023 0

The Role Of Non-polarised Capacitors

Polarity-free capacitors used in pure AC circuits, and Because of its relatively small capacitance, can also be used in high-frequency filtering, the following is an example of the application of the capacitor: This introduces the RC anti-sparking circuit, when the antenna to receive radio and television programmes, if you turn on the fluorescent lamps, fluorescent lamps flashing Kaihui, the radio or television speakers will hear an irregular "Click" sound, the TV screen shows many strong bright lines and bright spots to buy these are sparks into the high-frequency clutter interference. In electronic equipment, disconnect the circuit with inductance, between the contacts will produce similar electric sparks, the circuit, the switch is suddenly disconnected, the bribe current will soon have io become 0, that is, the rate of change of the current is very large, and thus in the coil on both sides will produce a large self-motivated potential.
This electric potential is in the way of the current change tendency, its direction and the direction of the applied voltage, the two superimposed together to make the switch on both sides of the voltage is very high, higher than a certain value, this "bubble up the tip" of the voltage will be the air breakdown, the formation of electric sparks. This kind of electric spark will make the contact point is oxidised by ablation and produce poor contact failure, therefore, eliminate the electric spark between the contact point is very important. When cutting off the circuit, as long as the current of the control coil does not drop from i0 pole, the coil voltage on both sides of you will not be too large, there will be no sparks, inductance at both ends of the RC anti-spark circuit. After the switch is suddenly disconnected, i1 then charges the capacitor. Part of the magnetic field energy in the inductor is consumed on R and r, and part of it is converted into electric field energy in the capacitor C, which in turn causes the capacitor C to discharge again, thus eliminating the spark.

How To Choose Non-polarised Capacitors

1. Select reasonable capacitor accuracy. In most cases, the capacitor capacity requirements are not very high, the nominal capacity of roughly the same can be, in the oscillation circuit, filtering, delay circuit and tone circuit, you need to choose the absolute value of the error within 0.3% -0.5%.
2. Select capacitors according to the circuit requirements, paper capacitors are generally used for low-frequency AC bypass circuits, mica capacitors or secondary dielectric capacitors are generally used for high-frequency or high-voltage circuit.
3. Can choose the rated voltage is greater than or equal to the capacitor replacement
4. High-frequency capacitors can not be replaced by low-frequency capacitors
5, according to the application of the occasion to consider the operating temperature of the capacitor, operating range, temperature coefficient, etc.
6. In the nominal capacity can not meet, can be used in series or parallel to meet this requirement, but note that the voltage added to the capacitor in the circuit should be less than the capacitor's withstand voltage.

Difference Between Non-polarised And Polarised Capacitors

Polar capacitors are mainly electrolytic capacitors, and monolithic bile electrolytic capacitors, it uses sulfuric acid as the insulating medium, it can be made into a smaller volume of a larger capacity, and marked with a + symbol, some marked with a - symbol, generally do the low-frequency cross-linking and bypass filtering with the disadvantage of the dielectric loss is a large number of monolithic electrolytic capacitors, due to the use of special materials, the performance is better than the ordinary electrolytic, frequency characteristics are better, but capacity Can not do too big, can be used for precise circuit, such as oscillation, or timing, the other is a non-polar capacitor, there are paper oil-immersed capacitors, metalised capacitors, can be made into a very large capacity, generally used for power capacitors, there are also electronic circuits with polyester capacitors, mica capacitors, magnetron capacitors, ceramic capacitors, chip capacitors and so on, are all belong to the electrodeless capacitors. Among them, porcelain chip capacitors, mica capacitors, magnetic tube capacitors can be used in high frequency circuits.

Characteristics Of Non-polarised And Polarised Capacitors

Polarity-free capacitors can be used in pure AC circuits and are mainly used for high-frequency filtering because their capacitance is generally small. Typical capacitance values of 0.1uF, 0.01uF, etc. are commonly used. In the chip power supply is often placed above the value of electrodeless capacitors in addition to high-frequency interference.

Polarised electrolytic capacitors are usually used in power supply circuits or intermediate frequency and low frequency circuits for power supply filtering, decoupling, signal coupling and time constant setting, DC isolation and other roles. Its capacity range is large, generally 1 ~ 1000μF, rated voltage range of 6.3 ~ 450 V. Its disadvantage is the dielectric loss, capacity error (the maximum permissible deviation of +100%, -20%), poor resistance to high temperatures, stored for a long time easy to fail.