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What Types OF Bearings Are There? Knowledge About Bearings

What Types OF Bearings Are There? Knowledge About Bearings

October 27 , 2023 0

Bearing is an important part of mechanical equipment. Its main function is to support the mechanical rotating body to reduce the mechanical load friction coefficient of the equipment in the transmission process. This article will introduce more than a dozen common bearing types in detail, easy to distinguish and identify

Bearing Type

Bearings according to the bearing direction or nominal contact Angle is different, divided into: centripetal bearing, thrust bearing.
According to the type of rolling element, it is divided into: ball bearing, roller bearing.
According to whether it can be aligning, it is divided into: aligning bearings, non-aligning bearings (rigid bearings).
According to the number of columns of the rolling element, it is divided into: single column bearing, double column bearing, multi-column bearing.
According to whether the parts can be separated, it is divided into: separable bearings, non-separable bearings.
There are also classifications by structural shape and size.

Angular Contact Ball Bearing

There is a contact Angle between the ring and the ball, the standard contact Angle is 15°, 30° and 40°, the greater the contact Angle, the greater the axial load capacity, the smaller the contact Angle, the more conducive to high-speed rotation, a single row of bearings can withstand radial load and one-way axial load. The two single-row angular contact ball bearings, which are structurally combined on the back side, share the inner ring and the outer ring, and can bear radial load and two-way axial load.
Main uses:
Single column: machine spindle, high frequency motor, gas turbine, centrifugal separator, small car front wheel, differential pinion shaft.
Double column: oil pump, Roots blower, air compressor, all kinds of transmission, fuel injection pump, printing machinery.

Aligning Ball Bearings

Double row of steel balls, the outer ring raceway is the inner spherical type, so it can automatically adjust the axis error caused by the deflection of the shaft or the housing or different centers, tapered bore bearings can be easily installed on the shaft by using fasteners, mainly bearing radial loads.

Main applications:

woodworking machinery, textile machinery drive shaft, vertical aligning bearing with seat.

Self-aligning Roller Bearings

This kind of bearing is equipped with spherical rollers between the outer ring of the spherical raceway and the inner ring of the double raceway. According to the different internal structure, it is divided into four types: R, RH, RHA and SR. Because the circular center of the outer raceway is consistent with the center of the bearing and has aligning performance, it can automatically adjust the axis error caused by the deflection of the shaft or the housing. Can withstand radial load and two-way axial load.

Main applications:

paper making machinery, reducer, railway vehicle axle, rolling mill gearbox, rolling mill roller, crusher, vibrating screen, printing machinery, woodworking machinery, all kinds of industrial reducer, vertical aligning bearing with seat.

Thrust Aligning Roller Bearing

The spherical roller in this kind of bearing is inclined, because the seat raceway surface is spherical, with aligning performance, so it can allow the shaft to have a number of incline, the axial load capacity is very large, while bearing the axial load can also bear a number of radial loads, the use of general oil lubrication.

Main applications:

hydraulic generator, vertical motor, propeller shaft for ship, reducer for rolling screw, tower crane, coal mill, extruder, forming machine.

Tapered Roller Bearings

This type of bearing is equipped with a conical roller, which is guided by the large flange of the inner ring, and is designed so that the apex of the inner ring raceway surface, the outer ring raceway surface and the cone of the roller rolling surface intersect at a point on the bearing center line. Single row bearing can bear radial load and unidirectional axial load, double row bearing can bear radial load and bidirectional axial load, suitable for bearing heavy load and impact load.

Main Uses:

Automobile: front wheel, rear wheel, transmission, differential pinion shaft. Machine tool spindles, construction machinery, large agricultural machinery, railway vehicle gear reduction devices, rolling mill neck and reduction devices.

Deep Groove Ball Bearing

Structurally, each ring of a deep groove ball bearing has a continuous groove raceway with a cross section approximately one-third of the circumference of the ball. Deep groove ball bearings are mainly used to bear radial loads and can also bear certain axial loads.
When the radial clearance of the bearing increases, it has the property of angular contact ball bearing and can withstand the axial load alternating in two directions. Compared with other types of bearings of the same size, this type of bearing has small friction coefficient, high limit speed and high precision, and is the first choice for users when selecting bearings.

Main applications:

automobile, tractor, machine tool, motor, water pump, agricultural machinery, textile machinery, etc.

Thrust Ball Bearing

It is composed of a gasket raceway ring with raceway, a ball and a cage assembly, and the raceway ring matched with the shaft is called the shaft ring, and the raceway ring matched with the shell is called the seat ring. Two-way bearings are matched with the secret shaft of the middle ring, one-way bearings can withstand one-way axial load, and two-way bearings can withstand two-way axial load (both can not withstand radial load).

Main applications:

automobile steering pin, machine tool spindle.

Spherical Roller Thrust Bearing

Spherical roller thrust bearings are used for bearings bearing axial loads, combined radial and axial loads, but the radial load shall not exceed 55% of the axial load. Compared with other thrust roller bearings, this kind of bearing has lower friction factor, higher speed and aligning ability. The roller of the 29000 bearing is an asymmetric spherical roller, which can reduce the relative sliding of the roller and the raceway in the work, and the roller is long, the diameter is large, the number of rollers is large, the load capacity is large, usually the use of oil lubrication, and the individual low speed can be lubricated by grease.

Main applications:

hydraulic generator, crane hook.

Cylindrical Roller Bearings

The roller of a cylindrical roller bearing is usually guided by two guard edges of a bearing ring, and the cage roller and the guide ring form a combination that can be separated from another bearing ring and belong to a separable bearing.
This kind of bearing is more convenient to install and disassemble, especially when the inner and outer rings are required to be interfered with the shaft and the housing. Such bearings are generally only used to bear radial loads, and only single-row bearings with both inner and outer rings and guards can bear small constant axial loads or large intermittent axial loads.

Main applications:

large motor, machine tool spindle, axle box, diesel engine crankshaft, automobile, tractor box, etc.

Four Point Contact Ball Bearing

Can withstand radial load and two-way axial load, a single bearing can replace the front combination or back combination of angular contact ball bearings, suitable for bearing pure axial load or axial load component of the larger synthetic load, such bearings bear any direction of axial load can form one of the contact angles, so the ring and the ball total contact line at any four points.

Main applications:

aircraft jet engine, gas turbine.

Thrust Cylindrical Roller Bearing

It is composed of a gasket raceway ring (shaft ring, seat ring), a cylindrical roller and a cage assembly. Cylindrical roller adopts convex surface processing, so the pressure distribution between the roller and the raceway surface is uniform, and it can withstand unidirectional axial load, and the axial load capacity is large and the axial rigidity is strong.

Main applications:

oil drilling rig, iron and steel machinery.

Thrust Needle Roller Bearing

The separate type bearing consists of a racetrack ring with a needle roller and cage assembly and can be combined with a thin racetrack ring by stamping or a thick racetrack ring by cutting. Non-separated bearings are integral bearings composed of precision pressed raceway rings and needle roller and cage components, which can withstand one-way axial load. Such bearings occupy small space, which is conducive to the compact design of the machine. Most of them only use needle roller and cage components, and the mounting surface of the shaft and housing is used as the raceway surface.

Main applications:

automobile, cultivator, machine tool, etc.

Tapered Roller Thrust Bearing

This kind of bearing is equipped with a round table roller (the big end is spherical), the roller is accurately guided by the raceway ring (shaft ring, seat ring) guard edge, the design makes the shaft ring and the raceway surface of the seat ring and the cone of the roller rolling surface intersect at a point on the bearing center line, one-way bearings can bear one-way axial load, two-way bearings can bear two-way axial load.

Main uses:
One way: crane hook, oil rig swivel.
Bidirectional: rolling mill neck.

Outer Spherical Ball Bearing With Seat

The spherical ball bearing with seat consists of a spherical ball bearing with sealing on both sides and a cast (or stamped steel plate) bearing seat. The internal structure of the outer spherical ball bearing is the same as that of the deep groove ball bearing, but the inner ring of this bearing is wider than the outer ring, the outer ring has a truncated spherical outer surface, and can be automatically aligning with the concave spherical surface of the bearing seat.

Main applications:

mining, metallurgy, agriculture, chemical industry, textile, printing and dyeing. Conveying machinery, etc.