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Why Choose A Linear Power Supply? How Is It Different From A Switching Power Supply?

Why Choose A Linear Power Supply? How Is It Different From A Switching Power Supply?

November 08 , 2023 0

I.Basic Principles OF Linear Power Supply

The working process of the main circuit of linear power supply is that the input power supply is first regulated by the pre-voltage regulator circuit for initial AC voltage regulation, and then converted into DC power supply through the main working transformer isolation and rectification, and then the linear adjustment element is fine-adjusted under the intelligent control of the control circuit and single-chip microprocessing controller, so that it can output high-precision DC voltage source. The advantages of linear voltage regulator % are high output voltage quality and small ripple. There is no need to use inductors

Many HIFI products in order to save costs and volume issues, the standard configuration is a plastic switching power supply. The drawbacks are obvious. First of all, the small size of the power supply current is not enough, especially when a large dynamic moment needs current, this type of external power supply appears to grasp the elbow. Due to the small size and compact line, it is easy to heat up for a long time, and the plastic shell can not isolate external interference. The power supply and the interference source is introduced into the HIF equipment, resulting in a large current noise, the sound effect is naturally greatly reduced, and a high-quality HIFI system is only so reduced by a small component

The power supply has always been a very important link affecting the sound system, and the stable and low noise power supply can make the existing equipment play a real strength. Unfortunately, in terms of cost, efficiency or marketing strategy considerations, many of the current DC Adapter with audio equipment are mostly Switching power supplies. Since it is a basic style, it can not ask for too much, the situation has evolved into the audio equipment itself has a good performance, but the poor power supply to drag down the overall performance, it is a great pity!

II.The Difference Between Linear Power Supply And Switching Power Supply

Both are DC power supplies, linear power supplies are most suitable for output linear DC power supplies, can be used in large quantities when needed. Switching power supply It is composed of a transformer with high switching speed and a switching tube characterized by its weight, with light weight, large capacity, high output quality, phase-controlled electrogen & the advantages of not high requirements and very large current
The regulating tube of a linear power supply operates in an amplified state, so it generates a lot of heat and is less efficient (about 35%). Requires a large radiator · also needs a high-power frequency converter. When multiple voltage outputs are to be generated when the transformer is large.
The control tube of the switching power supply works only in the saturated and cutoff states, so the heat generation is low, the efficiency is high (more than 75%), and the large-capacity transformer is eliminated. However, the DC output of a switching power supply will superimpose a large ripple (typically 50 mV at a 5 V output), which can be improved by paralleling a Zener diode at the output. In addition, because interrupters produce large peak noise, magnetic beads must be connected in series to improve the circuit. Relatively speaking, linear power supplies do not have the above disadvantages, and their ripple can be very small (less than 5 mV).
It is best to use switching power supplies that require energy efficiency and installation volume, and often use linear power supplies when electromagnetic interference and power purity (such as capacitor leak detection) are required, and if isolation circuit % is required, DC-DC is now mainly used to power the isolated part (according to its working principle, DC-DCQ is a switching power supply). The high-frequency transformers used in switching power supplies can also interfere with the wind
The internal structure of switching power supply and linear power supply is completely different. As the name suggests, the switching power supply has a switching function. It uses variable duty ratio % or frequency conversion methods to obtain different voltages. Implementation is more complex. The biggest advantage is high efficiency. The disadvantage of more than 90% is that the ripple and switching noise are large, which is suitable for situations where the ripple and noise requirements are not high. Although the linear power supply has no switching effect and is part of continuous analog control, its internal structure is relatively simple and the chip area is small. Low cost, the advantage is low cost, low wave noise Q, the main disadvantage is low efficiency. They have their own disadvantages Q and are complementary in use.

III.Linear Power Supply OR Switching Power Supply Is Better

Advantages of linear power supply: there are no open switch devices in the circuit, so there is no switching noise and the output is very clean.
There are many disadvantages of linear power supply, as follows:
1, can only reduce pressure;
2, can only do the same voltage polarity conversion;
3, input, output can not achieve isolation;
4, difficult to achieve multiple output;
5, low efficiency, transistor loss;
6, the input voltage range is narrow;
7, the fever is severe;
8. Large volume.

Advantages of switching power supply:
1, high efficiency, ideally no power loss Q
2, small size, the increase in frequency brings miniaturized volume
3, can be buck or boost voltage output;
4, the input and output are only easy to isolate
5, easy to achieve multiple output:
6, can output negative voltage 9
7, the input voltage range is very wide
The disadvantages of switching power supply are mainly one, that is, there is output noise, and the electromagnetic radiation Q is larger than the linear power supply

IV.Linear Power Supply And Switching Power Supply Applications Are Different

Linear power supplies: Linear power supplies are often used in applications that require high noise and stability, such as audio equipment, measuring instruments, and some precision instruments.
Switching power supplies: Switching power supplies are used in a wide range of applications, including computers, communications equipment, industrial control systems, and consumer electronics. Switching power supplies are generally better suited for applications that require higher efficiency and smaller size.