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Motor Drive And Control OF New Ideas, New Technology, New Market

Motor Drive And Control OF New Ideas, New Technology, New Market

May 09 , 2024 0

With the progress of science and technology and the development of industry, motor control and drive technology is also constantly innovating and developing. This article focuses on motor drive control, and invites several excellent chip solution manufacturers to talk about this old industry, how to "roll" out better and more emerging markets with the support of new technologies and new ideas.

All kinds of electronic products in People's Daily life, small to electric toys, electric hair dryers and smart phones, large to robots, new energy vehicles and all kinds of industrial automation equipment, have a motor figure. Motor control and drive technology has brought countless new application experience, is one of the core technologies of contemporary industrial and automotive automation and intelligence, and is of great significance for improving production efficiency, reducing energy consumption and improving product quality.

The rapidly growing motor drive market also puts higher demands on electronic design and chip performance, such as high reliability, more comprehensive protection and diagnostic functions, intelligence and flexibility. The operation of the motor cannot be separated from the motor drive control chip. As the core of the motor drive system, the control technology directly affects the operating efficiency, performance and stability of the motor. The driving technology is the key link to realize the motor operation, which is closely related to the motor control technology.

A motor drive control chip often includes speed control, torque control, position control and overload protection and other functions, according to the input signal, according to the built-in algorithm to control the motor winding circuit flow direction, so as to control the motor start and stop and rotation direction. The integrated logic computing circuit and power drive circuit in the chip can form a complete motion control system with the main processor, motor and incremental encoder to drive inductive loads such as DC motor, stepper motor and relay.

With the progress of science and technology and the development of industry, motor control and drive technology is also constantly innovating and developing. From the products of various manufacturers on the market, it can be seen that digital control technology, vector control technology and intelligent control technology have become the new trend of controller development.

At the same time, with the widespread introduction of wide band gap semiconductor (WBG) power devices, more complex circuit topologies and advanced modulation strategies, the motor drive must also have corresponding innovations to match it, and the dynamic wide speed range, multilevel drive and intelligent drive also bring new opportunities to the motor drive.

This article focuses on motor drive control, and invites several excellent chip solution manufacturers to talk about this old industry, how to "roll" out better and more emerging markets with the support of new technologies and new ideas.

Tuyere In Tuyere - Brushless DC Motor (BLDC)

When it comes to new motor technologies, BLDC must be mentioned. In the past, due to cost, BLDC motors were only used in some markets such as automobiles and home appliances. Nowadays, with the advancement of technology and the promotion of large-scale production, BLDC motors, with their irreplaceable advantages, have been widely used in many emerging fields such as new energy, industrial automation, medical equipment and servo robots.

First of all, the efficiency of BLDC motors is higher than that of brush motors and induction motors, especially when the load is light, it can still maintain a high efficiency, so it helps to save energy and reduce emissions. Secondly, compared with brush motors, BLDC motors remove the brush and have no wear problems, making their service life longer and maintenance costs low. Finally, BLDC motors offer performance benefits such as greater torque and faster response.

In addition, BLDC motors have advantages over traditional motors in terms of high precision, low noise and sustainability. Since there is no need to use carbon brushes, the BLDC motor has less noise and vibration during operation, and is suitable for occasions with high noise requirements. Its wider speed range and more precise control characteristics are also suitable for a variety of industrial and consumer electronics applications. At the same time, the BLDC motor produces less pollution during operation, which meets the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development.

At present, the industry's research and development innovation of BLDC motor control technology is also continuing, which will not only improve the control accuracy and operation efficiency of the motor, but also further expand its potential application range. With the acceleration of intelligent manufacturing and electrification trends, BLDC motors will maintain a strong momentum of development.

Xiao Ying, general manager of Motor Control Division of SMIC (Shenzhen) Co., LTD., said that from the intelligent demand side, BLDC motors will be more combined with intelligent control systems, using the characteristics of light weight and high efficiency to achieve automated production and intelligent operation; From the perspective of customer demand side, multi-scene, multi-function and customized needs need BLDC motor to achieve; From the perspective of application environment, the environmental protection characteristics of BLDC motors are gradually being paid attention to.

In different fields, the end demand has driven the rapid development of the BLDC motor chip market, such as in smart home appliance applications - floor fans, high-speed air conditioners, air fryers and sweeping robots, etc., power tool applications - electric scissors, electric drills and electric hammers, as well as emerging industries such as medical, new energy and automotive applications, BLDC motors are gradually replacing traditional motors.

For example, BLDC motors have not been used in compressors for ultra-low temperature freezers in the past due to high cost and complex implementation technology, but some recent compressors for new air conditioners have proven the feasibility of this concept.
"BLDC compressors in the ultra-low temperature freezer, may have come to show their skills." Zhou Jin, deputy general manager of ROHM Semiconductor (Shanghai) Co., LTD. (ROHM) Application Technology Center, said, "Compressors based on brushless DC motors will bring benefits equal to the additional costs. In addition, as technology has advanced in recent years, both the cost and complexity of controlling BLDC motor solutions have improved significantly."

As mentioned earlier in the BLDC advantages, thanks to the BLDC motor is more efficient than the induction motor in converting electrical energy into physical work, this type of compressor design can be used in ultra-low temperature freezers to improve power efficiency, reduce spontaneous heat and achieve power factor correction. Since the BLDC motor generates significantly less heat, less heat enters the refrigeration system, allowing for more efficient cooling. BLDC motors can be operated with a power factor close to 1 by using power factor correction technology, thus reducing the loss of apparent power

In addition to international semiconductor giants such as ROHM, Chinese semiconductor companies have also continued to make efforts in the field of BLDC in recent years.

The overall solution of BLDC motor application development has covered such fields as fan pumps, power tools, home and personal care, cycling and automotive applications, and continues to introduce new products in single-phase fans, intelligent office, variable frequency home appliances and industrial fans.

岹 Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. is deeply engaged in the fields of automotive electronics, industrial servo and consumer, and constantly updates iterative optimization control algorithms, including adaptive observer (AO), upgraded high-frequency injection algorithm and small capacitance algorithm.

Architecture Selection And Layout OF Motor Drives

The motor drive is divided into hardware level and software level, specific to the architecture selection and layout, each enterprise is not the same. 岹 Technologies is committed to highly integrated drive solutions that integrate motor control and drive functions onto a single chip.

"This has the advantage of being compatible with multiple communication protocols to reduce the need for peripheral components, reduce system costs and improve system reliability." Luo Xue, director of 岹 Science and Technology Application center, said that in the development of BLDC drive technology, most of the general chip architecture is selected and the motor control is realized through software programming. 岹 The dual-core mode of motor "special core + general core" is adopted, which is compatible with universality while focusing on the special chip of motor.

With the continuous progress of technology, compared with the past, many special scenarios of motor drive control began to emphasize the specificity of semiconductor devices. Hardwareization of control algorithms has become a trend, which is mainly driven by the particularity of motor application scenarios and the improvement of performance and efficiency requirements.

Roscher believes that the development of specially designed semiconductor solutions for different application scenarios (such as automotive, industrial and consumer electronics, etc.) and specific motor types (such as BLDC and PMSM, etc.) can often provide higher efficiency, better performance and better system integration. For example, semiconductor devices used in the field of electric vehicles are not only required to have high efficiency and high power density, but also to be able to operate stably in extreme environments while meeting stringent safety standards.

The driving architecture of the whole semiconductor is a typical basic structure of "sampling + filtering + position estimation + control + modulation". Xiao Ying believes that at this stage, the requirements of the motor project are not high, and the focus is on the observer, control and modulation, but it is foreseeable that the requirements of the filter algorithm for the power supply project will gradually increase.

"We have conducted pre-research and basic engineering verification on various algorithms and methods commonly used at present, including occasions with higher control accuracy requirements, such as industrial servo, and we have also completed the first version of the engineering prototype, combining the motor control algorithm with the system-level integration of the chip." Xiao Ying said.

In terms of "control and convenience" of the motor, ROHM is making the high-efficiency drive control algorithm of the motor as hard as possible so that it can be easily used by motor technicians, for example, providing position sensorless control technology, motor digital rotation control technology and high-precision positioning control technology required by the actuator.

"ROHM's effort to increase developer convenience is to consider compatibility between the product family as much as possible, so that the packaging pin design of the motor drive control board pattern does not need to be changed even if the load specification range is changed during the motor development process." Zhou Jin said.