Joinwin Electronics HK Limited518031About Join WinJoinwin Electronics HK Limited FLAT/RM 29, 22/F, YAN’S TOWER, 25-27 WONG CHUK HANG ROAD,ABERDEEN HONGKONG Shenzhen ZhongYiYingTong Technology Limited Room 1610, Block A, Overseas Decorative Building, Zhenhua Road,Huaqiang North Street, Shenzhen, 518031Join-Win will be your one-stop purchasing assistant. Join together, achieve win-win!Joinwin Electronics HK Limited518031About Join WinJoinwin Electronics HK Limited FLAT/RM 29, 22/F, YAN’S TOWER, 25-27 WONG CHUK HANG ROAD,ABERDEEN HONGKONG Shenzhen ZhongYiYingTong Technology Limited Room 1610, Block A, Overseas Decorative Building, Zhenhua Road,Huaqiang North Street, Shenzhen, 518031Join-Win will be your one-stop purchasing assistant. Join together, achieve win-win!Joinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics

Home
News
How much do you know about the components contained in a circuit board?

How much do you know about the components contained in a circuit board?

November 29 , 2023 0

We are fortunate to live in an age where electronic devices abound... However, these electronic devices come to us because the components on the circuit board are amazing, and we often wonder what makes the electronic devices work, achieve such great success and how. Electronic devices are an amazing thing, you never see anything happening inside them, but you can witness what they can do... In this article, we will discuss the wonders of the PCB and how to implement the board through the components of the PCB.

Condenser

After resistors, capacitors are probably the most common component on a circuit board, and capacitors are also the first choice for PCB enthusiasts. However, we use fewer capacitors than resistors. The basic function of a capacitor is to store charge in it, a capacitor consists of two metal plates with a dielectric between the two metal plates, the two plates store opposite charges, and the dielectric helps to separate them. In this way, current begins to flow through the circuit.Capacitors are classified in a variety of ways. However, we mainly classify capacitors according to their dielectric material. This is because the dielectric material is responsible for giving the capacitor key characteristics; The denser the dielectric material, the more charge the capacitor can store on its plate; This is why we tend to use high-quality materials to make capacitors in order to obtain higher capacitance... A typical capacitor has two wires sticking out of a metal plate... We use these lines to integrate the capacitor into the circuit.

Resistors

We use resistors on a regular basis in most PCB projects, and most of us are familiar with their functions; Resistors are one of the most commonly used components on a circuit board, they are very popular and fairly easy to use. The flow of electricity... Thus, resistors help dissipate electrical energy in the form of heat. There are several types of resistors, the classification methods are also different, and the materials used for making resistors are often different, because we use different materials for different purposes.
Another different way of resistors is the way the wire is led out, and in this regard, the most common type is the axial resistor. Electronics enthusiasts, beginners, and hobbyists often like to use axial resistors because they are easy to integrate into any circuit. Each resistor has rings around it, these rings are a color code indicating the resistance value of that particular resistor, and these rings also tell us about the possible tolerances of the resistor.

Potentiometer

A potentiometer is basically an advanced form of a simple resistor. A simple resistor has a fixed resistance value. However, the resistance value of the potentiometer can be changed as needed. There are many types of potentiometers, but the most common are the linear and rotary types, and you can change the resistance of the linear potentiometer by dragging the linear slider. On a rotary potentiometer, you can turn the knob to change the resistance. As the slider moves over the semi-circular base sun, the resistance changes.We often use rotary potentiometers in everyday applications. One of the most common applications is to use them in circular volume controllers in music players and similar audio devices, which work by controlling the amount of electrical flow passed to the amplifier. Potentiometers When designing complex equipment, its performance needs to be changed by fine tuning

Inductor

Inductors are one of the three members of the passive linear component % of the circuit board, the other two are capacitors and resistors, inductors are also mainly used to store energy in them, but they store energy by generating magnetic fields, while capacitors are used to store energy by using static electricity to obtain energy. There are many types of inductors out there, some of which are very simple while others are very complex. However, metal coils are the most common and easily understood inductors you will encounter. The magnetic field that the coil may produce depends on the number of turns of the coil, so the greater the number of turns, the greater the inductance. We often see inductors wrapped around some magnetic core, which has different shapes and sizes, the main purpose of which is to enhance the magnetic field as the current passes through the conductor, so that the magnetic core allows us to filter completely. Block specific signals. This is very useful for us because we can use it for many applications, including reducing interference to communication devices and extending battery life.

Diode

The diode is one of the most important components in the circuit board, and its main purpose is to make the current flow only in the set direction. Current can flow from the positive terminal to the negative terminal and vice versa, but not at the same time, so the diode can do this by providing infinite resistance in one direction and zero resistance in the other. Therefore, we can use this function to stop the flow of current in an unwanted direction, one of the most popular diodes is LED diode (commonly known as light-emitting diode 9), we mainly use these diodes to light up, these diodes are easy to weld... However, we must adjust their orientation correctly, otherwise the LED may not light up.

Transformer

They are one of the most important components in a circuit board, and transformers are primarily used to transfer electrical energy from one device to another, which increases or decreases as we transfer electrical energy through multiple configurations. This increase or decrease is often observed in the voltage. Experts often think of voltage transformations. The transformer includes a metal core, similar to what we see in ordinary inductors. There is always a series of coils around the metal core. There are at least two coils, one of which is used as a secondary coil and the other as a primary coil. The secondary coil refers to the configuration through which electrical energy will pass.We often see transformers on large poles, these transformers are called industrial transformers, which are used to reduce the voltage when passing through the line. This reduction is usually in the range of hundreds of thousands, so the voltage becomes available in our daily work in life and in ordinary homes through the use of transformers.

Thyristor Rectifier

These are an integral part of the circuit board, which is why enthusiasts love to use them. We also refer to them as thyristors % because they are very similar to diodes and transistors. Some experts suggest that they are similar to two transistors that can work together... They have four silicon layers and contain only three wires... They are not used as amplifiers, they are only used as switches.One of the main points to remember is that we only need one pulse to activate the switch, on the other hand, we have to constantly feed current to the transistor to pass the amplification. [Therefore, they are more suitable for a large number of switching power supplies

Transistor

It is well known that most electronics experts credit transistors to the basic building blocks of electrons, which are essential components of circuit boards, and billions of transistors can be found within a single IC. However, we should not view them as sophisticated tools. Instead, they are ordinary electrical switches and simple amplifiers, and transistors come in a variety of shapes and sizes, but the most common type is a bipolar transistor.

There are three pins inside a bipolar transistor. There is a collector, a publisher, and then all that matters. According to. When a small amount of current flows through the NPN transistor, it flows from the base to the emitter, but this triggers another setting where the current becomes larger. This larger current then flows from the emitter to the collector
On the other hand, PNP transistors behave exactly the opposite of NPN transistors. There is another popular type of transistor, which we call FET or field-effect transistor. They allow current to flow through them using existing electric fields to activate an alternative circuit setup.

Crystal Oscillator

These are the most important components of circuit boards in complex devices, and we use them primarily in clocks because they allow us to make critical circuits that allow us to maintain stable and accurate time. They include a jade body that produces a periodic electrical signal, and this piezoelectric body is basically a crystalline material that produces a signal during its oscillation, so we design them in a way that makes it vibrationally stable. Its vibrations are related to specific frequencies, so we can use them to make inexpensive and accurate watches. Therefore, we also use them for other important devices, such as quartz watches and microcontrollers.

Integrated Circuit

They are key components of a circuit board, so when we shrink certain circuits and electronic components and then embed them in a semiconductor film, they are called integrated circuits. They allowed us to embed many electronic components in a single chip, and this amazing capacity allowed us to make the first calculators. So now they enable us to make the most advanced smart devices and revolutionary supercomputers. The integrated circuit acts as the central processing unit, or essentially the brain of the larger circuit. There are different types of integrated circuits but most of them are in black plastic enclosures

Switches And Relays

They are the most basic components on a circuit board, but we often forget their importance: switches allow us to control the current in any given circuit, switches allow us to move between closed and open circuits. They come in all shapes and sizes. However, some of the most common include sliders, levers, keys, buttons, and rotary types. On the other hand, electronegative switches are called relays. The relay works through a solenoid, so the solenoid acts as a temporary magnet when the current flows through it. As a result, they are used as switches, so that larger amounts of current can be modified.

Sensor

Specific sensors are those board components that can detect changes in their atmosphere, and once this change is detected, they tend to produce a signal to reflect this change. These electronic signals are then sent to different components of the board, so sensors basically convert physical energy into electrical energy, and for this reason, we often think of sensors as transducers (because they are able to convert energy into another kind of energy). There are different types of sensors and they all have different uses, some of the more popular sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, pressure sensors, light sensors, and motion sensors. They are so common that we use them a lot in our daily lives, for example, we use leds to detect infrared signals in TV remote controls. We also use fire and humidity sensors in fire and smoke alarms, so we can also use sensors as components of circuit boards to optimize different industrial processes,