Joinwin Electronics HK Limited518031About Join WinJoinwin Electronics HK Limited FLAT/RM 29, 22/F, YAN’S TOWER, 25-27 WONG CHUK HANG ROAD,ABERDEEN HONGKONG Shenzhen ZhongYiYingTong Technology Limited Room 1610, Block A, Overseas Decorative Building, Zhenhua Road,Huaqiang North Street, Shenzhen, 518031Join-Win will be your one-stop purchasing assistant. Join together, achieve win-win!Joinwin Electronics HK Limited518031About Join WinJoinwin Electronics HK Limited FLAT/RM 29, 22/F, YAN’S TOWER, 25-27 WONG CHUK HANG ROAD,ABERDEEN HONGKONG Shenzhen ZhongYiYingTong Technology Limited Room 1610, Block A, Overseas Decorative Building, Zhenhua Road,Huaqiang North Street, Shenzhen, 518031Join-Win will be your one-stop purchasing assistant. Join together, achieve win-win!Joinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics HK LimitedJoinwin Electronics

Home
News
The Difference Between Brushless Motor And Brushed Motor

The Difference Between Brushless Motor And Brushed Motor

December 26 , 2023 0

Brush motor is the first type of motor we contact, the main structure of the brush motor is the stator + rotor + brush, by rotating the magnetic field to obtain rotational torque, so as to output kinetic energy. The brush and commutator are in constant contact and friction, which plays a conductive and commutating role in rotation. This article will explain the relationship and differences between them in detail

Working Principle OF Brush Motor

Brush motor is the first type of motor that we contact, and the introduction of the motor in the physics class in middle school is also shown with it as a model. The main structure of the brushed motor is the stator + rotor + brush, and the rotating torque is obtained by rotating the magnetic field, so as to output the kinetic energy. The brush and commutator are in constant contact and friction, which plays a conductive and commutating role in rotation.

The brush motor uses mechanical commutation, the magnetic pole does not move, and the coil rotates. When the motor is working, the coil and commutator rotate, the magnetic steel and the carbon brush do not rotate, and the alternating change in the direction of the coil current is completed by the commutator and brush rotating with the motor.

In the brush motor, the process is to arrange the two power input ends of each group of coils into a ring, separated by insulation material between each other, forming a cylindrical thing, connected with the motor shaft, power through two small pillars made of carbon elements (carbon brush), under the action of spring pressure, from two specific fixed positions, Two points pressed on the upper coil power input toroidal cylinder energize a set of coils.

As the motor rotates, different coils or different poles of the same coil are energized at different times, so that the N-S pole of the coil producing a magnetic field has a suitable Angle difference with the N-S pole of the closest permanent magnet stator, and the magnetic field attracts and repulsion, generating force and driving the motor to rotate. The carbon electrode slides on the coil terminal, like a brush on the surface of the object, so it is called the carbon "brush".

Sliding each other, will rub the carbon brush, resulting in loss, the need to replace the carbon brush regularly; The on-off alternations between the carbon brush and the coil connector will cause electrical spark, resulting in electromagnetic breakage and interference with electronic equipment.

Brushless Motor Working Principle

In brushless motors, the commutation work is carried out by the control circuit in the controller (generally Hall sensor + controller, and the more advanced technology is magnetic encoder).

The brushless motor takes electronic commutation, the coil does not move, and the magnetic pole rotates. The brushless motor uses a set of electronic devices to sense the position of the permanent magnet pole through the Hall element, and according to this perception, the electronic circuit is used to switch the direction of the current in the coil in a timely manner to ensure that the magnetic force in the correct direction is generated to drive the motor. The disadvantages of brushed motors are eliminated.

These circuits are motor controllers. The controller of the brushless motor can also achieve some functions that the brush motor cannot achieve, such as adjusting the power switch Angle, braking the motor, making the motor reverse, locking the motor, using the brake signal to stop the power supply to the motor. Now the electronic alarm lock of the battery car makes full use of these functions.

Brushless DC motor is a typical mechatronics product, which is composed of motor body and driver. Because the brushless DC motor is operated in automatic control mode, it will not add starting windings to the rotor as the synchronous motor started under frequency conversion speed regulation, and will not produce oscillation and out-of-step when the load changes.

The Difference Between Brushless Motor And Brushed Motor

1, brush motor when the motor is working, the coil and commutator rotate, the magnetic steel and carbon brush do not turn, and the alternating change in the direction of the coil current is completed by the commutator and brush rotating with the motor.

2, brushless DC motor is composed of motor body and drive, is a typical mechatronics products. Because the brushless DC motor is operated in automatic control mode, it will not add starting windings to the rotor as the synchronous motor started under frequency conversion speed regulation, and will not produce oscillation and out-of-step when the load changes.

3, brush motor is a traditional product, the performance is relatively stable. Brushless motor is an upgrade product, and its life performance is better than that of brushed motor. However, its control circuit is more complex, and the aging screening requirements for components are more strict.

4 brushless motor equipment can be used in: dairy industry, brewing industry, meat products processing industry, soybean products processing industry, beverage processing industry, pastry processing industry, pharmaceutical industry, electronic precision factory, some higher requirements of the dust-free workshop, such as Dio electric production of brushless motor (DIHOUR) hand dryer, used in the factory more.

5. Carbon brush motor can only be applied to all kinds of toilets and other areas that are not too demanding, and such as dust-free workshops and explosion-proof workshops can not be used!

6. Service life, brushless motor can work continuously for about 20,000 hours, and the conventional service life is 7-10 years. Carbon brush motor: can work continuously for about 5000 hours, the conventional service life of 2-3 years.

7. In terms of energy saving, relatively speaking, the power consumption of brushless motors is only 1/3 of that of carbon brushes.

Comparison OF Brushless And Brushless Motor Performance

1, large friction, loss, some friends often encounter this problem when using the brush motor, that is, after using the motor for a period of time, you need to open the motor to clean the carbon brush of the motor, time-consuming and laborious, maintenance intensity is no less than a family cleaning.

2, heat, short life due to the structure of the brush motor, the contact resistance of the brush and the commutator is very large, resulting in the overall resistance of the motor is large, easy to heat, and the permanent magnet is a thermal element, if the temperature is too high, the magnetic steel will be demagnetized, so that the motor performance is reduced, affecting the life of the brush motor.

3, low efficiency, the output power is small, the brush motor heating problem mentioned above is largely because the current does work on the internal resistance of the motor, so the electric energy is largely converted into heat energy, so the output power of the brush motor is not large, the efficiency is not high.

Future Development Trend

From the trend point of view, brushless motor deceleration may replace brushless motor

1, scope of application: brushless motor: usually used in the control requirements are relatively high, relatively high speed equipment, such as model aircraft, precision instruments and other motor speed control is strict, high speed equipment manufacturers, in addition to the most advanced hand dryer, its motor and controller cost is very high, so later more high-end equipment is used. Carbon brush motor: Usually the power equipment used are brush motors, such as hair dryers, factory motors, household range hoods, etc., and the speed of the series motor can also reach a high level, but due to the wear of the carbon brush, the service life is not as good as the brushless motor.

2, service life brushless motor: usually the service life of tens of thousands of hours of this order of magnitude, but because of the different bearing brushless motor service life is also very different. Carbon brush motor: Usually the continuous working life of the brush motor is several hundred to more than 1,000 hours, and the carbon brush needs to be replaced when the use limit is reached, otherwise it is easy to cause bearing wear.

3, the use of brushless motor: usually digital frequency conversion control, strong controllability, from a few revolutions per minute to tens of thousands of revolutions per minute can be easily achieved. Carbon brush motor: brushless motor generally starts after the working speed is constant, speed regulation is not very easy, series motor can also reach 20000 RPM, but the service life will be shorter.

4, energy conservation and environmental protection relatively speaking, the brushless motor using frequency conversion technology control will save a lot of energy than the series motor, the most typical is frequency conversion air conditioning and refrigerators.

5, the future maintenance of the carbon brush motor needs to replace the carbon brush, if the replacement is less than the motor will cause damage to the motor, and the brushless motor, the service life is very long, usually more than 10 times the brush motor, but broken you need to replace the motor, but the daily maintenance is basically not needed.

6, noise noise has nothing to do with whether there is a brush motor, mainly to see the coordination of bearings and click the internal components.