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The Basic Principle And Function OF Programmable Power Supply

The Basic Principle And Function OF Programmable Power Supply

November 22 , 2023 0

Programmable DC power supply is a DC power supply with digital or encoder input, non-potentiometer regulation of voltage and current. High power programmable DC power supply is widely used in metallurgy, chemistry and science fields, so how is it applied to life? This article will explain in detail what is programmable power supply, analyze its functions and application fields

Programmable Power Supply Terminology

Power supply target= "blank" > Programmable power supply is a power supply device capable of providing adjustable voltage and current output, which plays an important role in the testing, development and production of electronic devices in various fields. This paper will introduce the definition, working principle and characteristics of programmable power supply in detail.
Programmable power supply is a flexible and controllable power supply device. By programming or setting parameters, the output voltage, current, power and other parameters can be adjusted. It consists of DC power module, control module and display module. The DC power module is responsible for providing stable DC power output, the control module is used to adjust and control the output parameters, and the display module displays the current power parameters and working status
The working principle of programmable power supply is based on feedback control system. Through the internal feedback loop, the programmable power supply can sense the voltage and current situation at the output end, and adjust according to the set value, so that the output can be stable in the desired numerical range. This feedback control mechanism guarantees the stability and accuracy of the programmable power supply.

Programmable Power Supply Standby Function

Tracking function -

In some programmable power supplies, there is a function of linkage between channels, that is, tracking function. The tracking function means that all outputs are controlled at the same time, and by keeping the voltage consistent with the preset voltage, they are all subject to a unified command. For example, if voltage 1 changes from 10V to 12V, then voltage 2 and 3 will change from 5V to 6V, and voltage 4 will change from 20V to 24V. However, if the maximum current of one of the leading outputs has a limit value, and the output current reaches this limit value, all the other output currents in the subordinate position also enter the current limiting state. If an electronic fuse is installed in the device, the output reaching this limit value will be disconnected, and all other outputs in the dependent position will also be disconnected.

SENSE mode -

Compensates the resistance of the wire itself In normal mode, the voltage is directly loaded on the load through the wire, thus maintaining the stability of the load voltage. Since the load current creates a voltage drop on the connection wire, the actual load voltage should be equal to the output voltage of the power supply minus this voltage drop. If the output of the power supply is set to 3.3V/1A, assuming that the resistance of the output line is 0.3 ohms, a 0.3V voltage drop will be formed on the wire, then the actual voltage reached becomes 3.0V, which is enough to cause the powered unit to not work normally. Similar to the four-wire measurement method used to measure resistance with a multimeter, we need to compensate for the wire voltage drop. For this purpose, the SENSE terminal can be used to directly measure the voltage at both ends of the load. Because the current in the SENSE wire is very small, the voltage drop generated can be ignored, that is, the voltage induced by the power supply device is actually the real load voltage, so that the power supply device will increase its output, so that it is equal to the sum of the wire voltage drop and the required load voltage, so as to achieve compensation for the wire voltage drop, so that the load really gets the set voltage value. In addition, some power supplies have added a read-back function to compensate for the resistance of the wire itself.

Arbitrary waveform power supply -

some programmable power supplies have arbitrary waveform editing function, that is, produce waveforms that change with time, such as the HM8143 of Huimei Company in Germany, which is equivalent to a fixed number of points (such as 1024 points) of arbitrary waveform generator, that is, generated by a fixed pair of voltage and time interval parameters, the list corresponds to the generation of user-defined waveform in the low frequency range. The frequency of this signal is determined by the time interval between each point. Arbitrary signals are generated in digital form and are fairly simple to define. In general, an arbitrary waveform signal can include various amplitudes of different sizes, which can generate periodic repeated waveforms after processing one by one. These programmed waveforms can be single pulses or repeated continuous waveforms. Programmed output voltage can also be externally modulated. Signals can be freely defined and stored in the instrument to the extent permitted by the instrument specification. Such signals can be defined via RS-232, IEEE-488, or USB interfaces.

Modulation -

Some programmable power supplies have an external modulation function that allows two sets of outputs to be modulated using terminals on the rear panel. For example, the HM8143 from Megumi, Germany, has a modulation slope of up to 1V/μs and a minimum pulse width of 100μs in any mode allowing complex load characteristics to be generated. Regardless of the power, the distortion of the linear output components is very low to facilitate external modulation.

Several Characteristics OF Programmable Power Supply In Use

In the application, the programmable power supply has the following characteristics:
1. High precision and high stability: Programmable power supply has high accuracy and stability, and can provide accurate voltage and current output. This is important for applications that require high-precision power supplies, such as semiconductor device testing, precision instrument calibration, and so on. The traditional power supply equipment has some limitations in the accuracy and stability of the output voltage and current, but the programmable power supply can achieve high precision and stability. Users can set precise parameters according to their own needs, so that the power output can achieve the required accuracy and stability.

2. Wide adjustment range: Programmable power supply usually has a wide adjustment range, which can meet the needs of different equipment or experiments. By setting parameters, the output voltage and current values can be flexibly adjusted to meet the requirements of different working conditions. It adopts stable and reliable electronic components and design scheme to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment. In addition, programmable power supplies also have a user-friendly interface and ease of operation, allowing users to easily set parameters and monitor operations.

3. Fast response and adjustment speed: The control module of the programmable power supply adopts advanced digital control technology, which has fast response speed and adjustment speed. When the input parameters change, the programmable power supply can quickly adjust the output and maintain a stable power supply. Programmable power supplies have high energy efficiency. The traditional power supply equipment may have a certain amount of energy loss during the working process, but the programmable power supply can achieve efficient energy utilization. It uses some advanced technologies, such as switching power supply technology and power factor correction technology, to improve the efficiency of energy utilization and reduce the waste of energy.

4. A variety of protection functions: programmable power supply built-in a variety of protection functions, such as overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, short circuit protection. These protection functions can effectively prevent power output overload, damage the equipment and ensure the safety of use. In the actual application process, the circuit may have various problems, such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overheating and so on. Programmable power supply has a variety of protection functions, can detect these problems and take timely measures to protect, to ensure the safe operation of power equipment and powered equipment.

5. Good user interface and convenient operation: Programmable power supply is usually equipped with intuitive user interface and friendly operating system, so that users can easily set parameters, monitoring and operation. Some devices also support remote control and monitoring for easy use in remote environments. It can be flexibly configured and adjusted according to different requirements and application scenarios. Programmable power supply can provide a variety of output modes, such as constant current mode, constant voltage mode, constant power mode, etc., to adapt to different application needs.

6. Data recording and analysis functions: Some programmable power supplies have data recording and analysis functions, which can record changes in output parameters and perform data analysis through software tools. This is very useful for product quality control, fault analysis and so on.

Conclusion

Programmable power supply is a kind of flexible and controllable power supply equipment, which has the characteristics of high precision, high stability and wide adjustment range. In various fields of electronic equipment testing, research and development and production, programmable power supplies can meet the needs of different applications and provide a stable and reliable power supply. Programmable power supply also has strong scalability and upgradability. With the continuous development of technology and changes in application requirements, power equipment often needs to be upgraded or improved. The flexibility and programmability of the programmable power supply design allows it to be easily expanded and upgraded to meet changing application requirements.